Exploring complexity measures for analysis  of solar wind structures and streams

Koikkalainen, Venla; Kilpua, Emilia; Good, Simon; Osmane, Adnane

doi:10.5194/npg-32-309-2025

Articles | Volume 32, issue 3

https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-32-309-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-32-309-2025

© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 32, issue 3

Research article

|

10 Sep 2025

Research article |

| 10 Sep 2025

Exploring complexity measures for analysis of solar wind structures and streams

Venla Koikkalainen, Emilia Kilpua, Simon Good, and Adnane Osmane

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Feb 2025	76	22	6	104
Mar 2025	114	28	4	146
Apr 2025	60	24	6	90
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Jun 2025	82	20	8	110
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Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 14 Feb 2025)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Feb 2025	76	22	6	104
Mar 2025	114	28	4	146
Apr 2025	60	24	6	90
May 2025	74	32	10	116
Jun 2025	82	20	8	110
Jul 2025	42	18	2	62
Aug 2025	216	8	4	228
Sep 2025	1,286	27	30	1,343
Oct 2025	175	31	7	213
Nov 2025	145	34	12	191
Dec 2025	245	87	13	345
Jan 2026	562	57	21	640
Feb 2026	448	68	16	532
Mar 2026	102	57	5	164
Apr 2026	75	50	7	132
May 2026	18	9	2	29

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Short summary

We study time series of solar wind large-scale structures (magnetic clouds, sheaths, slow and fast streams). These have profound importance with regard to causing disturbances in the heliospheric conditions and driving space weather on Earth. The used techniques include methods derived from information theory to determine entropy and complexity. We find that all of these techniques show stochastic fluctuations, but magnetic clouds stand out due to their coherent magnetic field.