Articles | Volume 33, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-33-521-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-33-521-2026
Research article
 | 
20 Oct 2026
Research article |  | 20 Oct 2026

A physically grounded input distance resolves longitude-encoding ambiguity but not specification dependence in ensemble persistent homology of cyclone trajectories

Rongzhen Dai

Model code and software

Analysis code and outputs for "A physically grounded input distance resolves longitude-encoding ambiguity but not specification dependence in ensemble persistent homology of cyclone trajectories" Rongzhen Dai https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22333475

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Short summary
Tests that summarise the shape of a cloud of storm positions can give different answers depending on choices the analyst makes but rarely reports. Using three benchmark geomagnetic storms, we show that measuring distance along the Earth surface removes one such choice, and we measure how much the answer still moves with the others. Averaging over those choices rather than selecting one, we report a directional residual: neither a detection nor evidence that no effect is there.
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