Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics
Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics
NPG
Articles | Volume 30, issue 3
Articles | Volume 30, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-30-277-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-30-277-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 30, issue 3
Research article
 | 
18 Jul 2023
Research article |  | 18 Jul 2023

Electron holes in a regularized kappa background

Fernando Haas, Horst Fichtner, and Klaus Scherer

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Short summary
Electron holes have been reported in space plasmas along with suprathermal plasmas far from Maxwellian equilibrium. In particular, electron distributions with elongated suprathermal distributions (kappa distributions) are of current interest for space plasmas. This work considers regularized kappa distributions, which are well beyond the Maxwellian equilibrium and show a harder suprathermal electron population.
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