ENSO's non-stationary and non-Gaussian character: the role of climate shifts

Boucharel, J.; Dewitte, B.; Garel, B.; du Penhoat, Y.

doi:10.5194/npg-16-453-2009

Articles | Volume 16, issue 4

https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-16-453-2009

© Author(s) 2009. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Special issue:

Nonlinear processes in oceanic and atmospheric flows

https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-16-453-2009

© Author(s) 2009. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 16, issue 4

06 Jul 2009

| 06 Jul 2009

ENSO's non-stationary and non-Gaussian character: the role of climate shifts

J. Boucharel, B. Dewitte, B. Garel, and Y. du Penhoat

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Total article views: 3,053 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
1,541	1,332	180	3,053	228	238

HTML: 1,541
PDF: 1,332
XML: 180
Total: 3,053
BibTeX: 228
EndNote: 238

Views and downloads (calculated since 01 Feb 2013)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Feb 2013	10	9	1	20
Mar 2013	10	10	0	20
Apr 2013	41	9	0	50
May 2013	3	7	1	11
Jun 2013	7	14	0	21
Jul 2013	4	10	0	14
Aug 2013	13	8	0	21
Sep 2013	4	7	1	12
Oct 2013	14	12	1	27
Nov 2013	4	8	0	12
Dec 2013	5	12	0	17
Jan 2014	4	8	0	12
Feb 2014	11	17	3	31
Mar 2014	24	10	1	35
Apr 2014	3	8	0	11
May 2014	7	7	0	14
Jun 2014	4	13	2	19
Jul 2014	3	10	0	13
Aug 2014	8	15	1	24
Sep 2014	7	9	1	17
Oct 2014	6	51	0	57
Nov 2014	5	32	1	38
Dec 2014	5	10	1	16
Jan 2015	3	7	0	10
Feb 2015	6	4	0	10
Mar 2015	7	6	0	13
Apr 2015	11	10	0	21
May 2015	6	1	0	7
Jun 2015	24	8	0	32
Jul 2015	17	6	0	23
Aug 2015	7	3	0	10
Sep 2015	3	2	0	5
Oct 2015	16	1	1	18
Nov 2015	11	4	0	15
Dec 2015	4	2	0	6
Jan 2016	9	6	0	15
Feb 2016	5	14	0	19
Mar 2016	9	2	1	12
Apr 2016	6	0	6
May 2016	6	2	0	8
Jun 2016	6	1	0	7
Jul 2016	4	1	5
Aug 2016	6	3	1	10
Sep 2016	6	2	0	8
Oct 2016	5	0	5
Nov 2016	2	0	2
Dec 2016	4	0	4
Jan 2017	3	1	0	4
Feb 2017	6	1	0	7
Mar 2017	16	1	0	17
Apr 2017	12	7	1	20
May 2017	14	3	0	17
Jun 2017	14	2	0	16
Jul 2017	9	3	0	12
Aug 2017	6	13	3	22
Sep 2017	7	13	2	22
Oct 2017	7	17	2	26
Nov 2017	6	18	1	25
Dec 2017	12	19	5	36
Jan 2018	21	23	11	55
Feb 2018	10	13	1	24
Mar 2018	10	17	3	30
Apr 2018	12	21	2	35
May 2018	10	22	4	36
Jun 2018	13	17	5	35
Jul 2018	18	22	8	48
Aug 2018	17	30	3	50
Sep 2018	13	10	3	26
Oct 2018	16	21	8	45
Nov 2018	11	21	1	33
Dec 2018	11	14	2	27
Jan 2019	9	19	4	32
Feb 2019	10	12	4	26
Mar 2019	7	12	2	21
Apr 2019	9	22	0	31
May 2019	14	16	2	32
Jun 2019	3	9	0	12
Jul 2019	2	11	0	13
Aug 2019	4	13	0	17
Sep 2019	5	16	0	21
Oct 2019	3	14	1	18
Nov 2019	5	10	0	15
Dec 2019	4	15	0	19
Jan 2020	8	7	4	19
Feb 2020	2	8	0	10
Mar 2020	4	8	2	14
Apr 2020	2	2	0	4
May 2020	5	6	2	13
Jun 2020	14	10	0	24
Jul 2020	41	23	18	82
Aug 2020	2	4	5	11
Sep 2020	12	5	0	17
Oct 2020	12	8	0	20
Nov 2020	4	9	0	13
Dec 2020	9	4	0	13
Jan 2021	14	5	0	19
Feb 2021	5	2	0	7
Mar 2021	9	7	0	16
Apr 2021	6	5	0	11
May 2021	4	7	0	11
Jun 2021	5	4	0	9
Jul 2021	4	4	0	8
Aug 2021	3	7	0	10
Sep 2021	12	8	0	20
Oct 2021	5	19	0	24
Nov 2021	14	13	1	28
Dec 2021	7	4	0	11
Jan 2022	13	11	1	25
Feb 2022	7	9	2	18
Mar 2022	7	6	0	13
Apr 2022	4	3	0	7
May 2022	4	2	1	7
Jun 2022	4	3	1	8
Jul 2022	3	3	0	6
Aug 2022	10	3	0	13
Sep 2022	2	7	0	9
Oct 2022	6	1	3	10
Nov 2022	16	6	0	22
Dec 2022	10	3	1	14
Jan 2023	14	6	0	20
Feb 2023	5	3	0	8
Mar 2023	12	9	3	24
Apr 2023	7	4	0	11
May 2023	5	9	1	15
Jun 2023	7	5	0	12
Jul 2023	7	2	0	9
Aug 2023	6	2	1	9
Sep 2023	3	6	0	9
Oct 2023	8	4	0	12
Nov 2023	3	0	3
Dec 2023	10	1	1	12
Jan 2024	5	9	0	14
Feb 2024	4	3	0	7
Mar 2024	7	12	0	19
Apr 2024	8	3	4	15
May 2024	14	10	5	29
Jun 2024	41	4	2	47
Jul 2024	14	1	1	16
Aug 2024	49	2	4	55
Sep 2024	8	3	2	13
Oct 2024	16	5	0	21
Nov 2024	7	2	0	9
Dec 2024	12	6	0	18
Jan 2025	13	8	4	25
Feb 2025	24	2	26
Mar 2025	23	8	0	31
Apr 2025	11	9	1	21
May 2025	29	3	2	34
Jun 2025	44	13	0	57
Jul 2025	16	9	0	25
Aug 2025	15	11	2	28
Sep 2025	20	8	4	32
Oct 2025	28	14	2	44
Nov 2025	20	23	2	45
Dec 2025	3	1	0	4

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 01 Feb 2013)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Feb 2013	10	9	1	20
Mar 2013	10	10	0	20
Apr 2013	41	9	0	50
May 2013	3	7	1	11
Jun 2013	7	14	0	21
Jul 2013	4	10	0	14
Aug 2013	13	8	0	21
Sep 2013	4	7	1	12
Oct 2013	14	12	1	27
Nov 2013	4	8	0	12
Dec 2013	5	12	0	17
Jan 2014	4	8	0	12
Feb 2014	11	17	3	31
Mar 2014	24	10	1	35
Apr 2014	3	8	0	11
May 2014	7	7	0	14
Jun 2014	4	13	2	19
Jul 2014	3	10	0	13
Aug 2014	8	15	1	24
Sep 2014	7	9	1	17
Oct 2014	6	51	0	57
Nov 2014	5	32	1	38
Dec 2014	5	10	1	16
Jan 2015	3	7	0	10
Feb 2015	6	4	0	10
Mar 2015	7	6	0	13
Apr 2015	11	10	0	21
May 2015	6	1	0	7
Jun 2015	24	8	0	32
Jul 2015	17	6	0	23
Aug 2015	7	3	0	10
Sep 2015	3	2	0	5
Oct 2015	16	1	1	18
Nov 2015	11	4	0	15
Dec 2015	4	2	0	6
Jan 2016	9	6	0	15
Feb 2016	5	14	0	19
Mar 2016	9	2	1	12
Apr 2016	6	0	6
May 2016	6	2	0	8
Jun 2016	6	1	0	7
Jul 2016	4	1	5
Aug 2016	6	3	1	10
Sep 2016	6	2	0	8
Oct 2016	5	0	5
Nov 2016	2	0	2
Dec 2016	4	0	4
Jan 2017	3	1	0	4
Feb 2017	6	1	0	7
Mar 2017	16	1	0	17
Apr 2017	12	7	1	20
May 2017	14	3	0	17
Jun 2017	14	2	0	16
Jul 2017	9	3	0	12
Aug 2017	6	13	3	22
Sep 2017	7	13	2	22
Oct 2017	7	17	2	26
Nov 2017	6	18	1	25
Dec 2017	12	19	5	36
Jan 2018	21	23	11	55
Feb 2018	10	13	1	24
Mar 2018	10	17	3	30
Apr 2018	12	21	2	35
May 2018	10	22	4	36
Jun 2018	13	17	5	35
Jul 2018	18	22	8	48
Aug 2018	17	30	3	50
Sep 2018	13	10	3	26
Oct 2018	16	21	8	45
Nov 2018	11	21	1	33
Dec 2018	11	14	2	27
Jan 2019	9	19	4	32
Feb 2019	10	12	4	26
Mar 2019	7	12	2	21
Apr 2019	9	22	0	31
May 2019	14	16	2	32
Jun 2019	3	9	0	12
Jul 2019	2	11	0	13
Aug 2019	4	13	0	17
Sep 2019	5	16	0	21
Oct 2019	3	14	1	18
Nov 2019	5	10	0	15
Dec 2019	4	15	0	19
Jan 2020	8	7	4	19
Feb 2020	2	8	0	10
Mar 2020	4	8	2	14
Apr 2020	2	2	0	4
May 2020	5	6	2	13
Jun 2020	14	10	0	24
Jul 2020	41	23	18	82
Aug 2020	2	4	5	11
Sep 2020	12	5	0	17
Oct 2020	12	8	0	20
Nov 2020	4	9	0	13
Dec 2020	9	4	0	13
Jan 2021	14	5	0	19
Feb 2021	5	2	0	7
Mar 2021	9	7	0	16
Apr 2021	6	5	0	11
May 2021	4	7	0	11
Jun 2021	5	4	0	9
Jul 2021	4	4	0	8
Aug 2021	3	7	0	10
Sep 2021	12	8	0	20
Oct 2021	5	19	0	24
Nov 2021	14	13	1	28
Dec 2021	7	4	0	11
Jan 2022	13	11	1	25
Feb 2022	7	9	2	18
Mar 2022	7	6	0	13
Apr 2022	4	3	0	7
May 2022	4	2	1	7
Jun 2022	4	3	1	8
Jul 2022	3	3	0	6
Aug 2022	10	3	0	13
Sep 2022	2	7	0	9
Oct 2022	6	1	3	10
Nov 2022	16	6	0	22
Dec 2022	10	3	1	14
Jan 2023	14	6	0	20
Feb 2023	5	3	0	8
Mar 2023	12	9	3	24
Apr 2023	7	4	0	11
May 2023	5	9	1	15
Jun 2023	7	5	0	12
Jul 2023	7	2	0	9
Aug 2023	6	2	1	9
Sep 2023	3	6	0	9
Oct 2023	8	4	0	12
Nov 2023	3	0	3
Dec 2023	10	1	1	12
Jan 2024	5	9	0	14
Feb 2024	4	3	0	7
Mar 2024	7	12	0	19
Apr 2024	8	3	4	15
May 2024	14	10	5	29
Jun 2024	41	4	2	47
Jul 2024	14	1	1	16
Aug 2024	49	2	4	55
Sep 2024	8	3	2	13
Oct 2024	16	5	0	21
Nov 2024	7	2	0	9
Dec 2024	12	6	0	18
Jan 2025	13	8	4	25
Feb 2025	24	2	26
Mar 2025	23	8	0	31
Apr 2025	11	9	1	21
May 2025	29	3	2	34
Jun 2025	44	13	0	57
Jul 2025	16	9	0	25
Aug 2025	15	11	2	28
Sep 2025	20	8	4	32
Oct 2025	28	14	2	44
Nov 2025	20	23	2	45
Dec 2025	3	1	0	4

Latest update: 06 Dec 2025