Articles | Volume 25, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-25-67-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-25-67-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
31 Jan 2018
Research article |
| 31 Jan 2018
| 31 Jan 2018
A correlation study regarding the AE index and ACE solar wind data for Alfvénic intervals using wavelet decomposition and reconstruction
Fernando L. Guarnieri
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE, São José
dos Campos, SP, Brazil
Bruce T. Tsurutani
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Luis E. A. Vieira
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE, São José
dos Campos, SP, Brazil
Rajkumar Hajra
Laboratoire de
Physique et Chimie de l'Environement et de l'Espace, CNRS, Orléans,
France
Ezequiel Echer
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE, São José
dos Campos, SP, Brazil
Anthony J. Mannucci
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
Walter D. Gonzalez
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE, São José
dos Campos, SP, Brazil
Related authors
Fernando L. Guarnieri, Bruce T. Tsurutani, Rajkumar Hajra, Ezequiel Echer, and Gurbax S. Lakhina
Nonlin. Processes Geophys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-2024-9, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-2024-9, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for NPG
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On February 03, 2022, SpaceX launched a new group of satellites for its Starlink constellation. This launch simultaneously released 49 satellites in orbits between 200 km and 250 km height. The launches occurred during a geomagnetic storm, followed by a second one. There was an immediate loss of 32 satellites. The satellite losses may have been caused by an unusually high level of atmospheric drag (unexplained by current theory/modeling) or a high level of satellite collisions.
Fernando L. Guarnieri, Bruce T. Tsurutani, Rajkumar Hajra, Ezequiel Echer, and Gurbax S. Lakhina
Nonlin. Processes Geophys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-2024-9, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-2024-9, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for NPG
Short summary
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On February 03, 2022, SpaceX launched a new group of satellites for its Starlink constellation. This launch simultaneously released 49 satellites in orbits between 200 km and 250 km height. The launches occurred during a geomagnetic storm, followed by a second one. There was an immediate loss of 32 satellites. The satellite losses may have been caused by an unusually high level of atmospheric drag (unexplained by current theory/modeling) or a high level of satellite collisions.
Anthony J. Mannucci, Chi O. Ao, Byron A. Iijima, Thomas K. Meehan, Panagiotis Vergados, E. Robert Kursinski, and William S. Schreiner
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 15, 4971–4987, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4971-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-15-4971-2022, 2022
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The Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO) technique is a satellite-based method for producing highly accurate vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature and pressure. RO profiles are used to monitor global climate trends, particularly in that region of the atmosphere that includes the lower stratosphere. Two data sets spanning 1995–1997 that were produced from the first RO satellite are highly accurate and can be used to assess global atmospheric models.
Adriane Marques de Souza Franco, Rajkumar Hajra, Ezequiel Echer, and Mauricio José Alves Bolzan
Ann. Geophys., 39, 929–943, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-929-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-929-2021, 2021
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We used up-to-date substorms, HILDCAAs and geomagnetic storms of varying intensity along with all available geomagnetic indices during the space exploration era to explore the seasonal features of the geomagnetic activity and their drivers. As substorms, HILDCAAs and magnetic storms of varying intensity have varying solar/interplanetary drivers, such a study is important for acomplete understanding of the seasonal features of the geomagnetic response to the solar/interplanetary events.
Katharina Ostaszewski, Karl-Heinz Glassmeier, Charlotte Goetz, Philip Heinisch, Pierre Henri, Sang A. Park, Hendrik Ranocha, Ingo Richter, Martin Rubin, and Bruce Tsurutani
Ann. Geophys., 39, 721–742, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-721-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-721-2021, 2021
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Plasma waves are an integral part of cometary physics, as they facilitate the transfer of energy and momentum. From intermediate to strong activity, nonlinear asymmetric plasma and magnetic field enhancements dominate the inner coma of 67P/CG. We present a statistical survey of these structures from December 2014 to June 2016, facilitated by Rosetta's unprecedented long mission duration. Using a 1D MHD model, we show they can be described as a combination of nonlinear and dissipative effects.
Rajkumar Hajra
Ann. Geophys., 39, 181–187, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-181-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-181-2021, 2021
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Geomagnetic activity is known to exhibit semi-annual variation with larger occurrences during equinoxes. A similar seasonal feature was reported for relativistic (∼ MeV) electrons throughout the entire outer zone radiation belt. Present work, for the first time reveals that electron fluxes increase with an ∼ 6-month periodicity in a limited L-shell only with large dependence in solar activity cycle. In addition, flux enhancements are not essentially equinoctial.
Andrea K. Steiner, Florian Ladstädter, Chi O. Ao, Hans Gleisner, Shu-Peng Ho, Doug Hunt, Torsten Schmidt, Ulrich Foelsche, Gottfried Kirchengast, Ying-Hwa Kuo, Kent B. Lauritsen, Anthony J. Mannucci, Johannes K. Nielsen, William Schreiner, Marc Schwärz, Sergey Sokolovskiy, Stig Syndergaard, and Jens Wickert
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 2547–2575, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-2547-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-2547-2020, 2020
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High-quality observations are critically important for monitoring the Earth’s changing climate. We provide information on the consistency and long-term stability of observations from GPS radio occultation (RO). We assess, for the first time, RO records from multiple RO missions and all major RO data providers. Our results quantify where RO can be used for reliable trend assessment and confirm its climate quality.
Bruce T. Tsurutani, Gurbax S. Lakhina, and Rajkumar Hajra
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 27, 75–119, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-27-75-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-27-75-2020, 2020
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Current space weather problems are discussed for young researchers. We have discussed some of the major problems that need to be solved for space weather forecasting to become a reality.
Anthony J. Mannucci, Ryan McGranaghan, Xing Meng, Bruce T. Tsurutani, and Olga P. Verkhoglyadova
Ann. Geophys. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-2019-108, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-2019-108, 2019
Preprint withdrawn
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The interaction between the Earth's environment and the electrically charged gas known as the solar wind is highly complex and has been under study for decades. We use a universal principle of physics – the relativity principle – to gain physical insight into this interaction. We apply this principle to physical processes that occur during geomagnetic storms. We clarify how the solar wind ultimately causes currents to flow between the Earth's upper atmosphere and space.
Gurbax S. Lakhina, Bruce T. Tsurutani, George J. Morales, Annick Pouquet, Masahiro Hoshino, Juan Alejandro Valdivia, Yasuhito Narita, and Roger Grimshaw
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 25, 477–479, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-25-477-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-25-477-2018, 2018
Panagiotis Vergados, Anthony J. Mannucci, Chi O. Ao, Olga Verkhoglyadova, and Byron Iijima
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 11, 1193–1206, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-1193-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-11-1193-2018, 2018
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This study cross-compares the 10-year record of GPS radio occultation (GPS-RO) specific humidity product against independent databases (e.g., AIRS satellite, NASA/MERRA, and ERA-Interim). Our objective is to investigate the suitability of the GPS-RO humidity as a climate variable, which the science community could use in climate research. GPS-RO offers high vertical resolution, low sensitivity to clouds, and long-term stability making GPS-RO humidity a valuable complementary data set.
Anthony J. Mannucci, Olga P. Verkhoglyadova, Xing Meng, and Ryan McGranaghan
Ann. Geophys., 36, 53–57, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-53-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-36-53-2018, 2018
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We performed a theoretical study of how the Earth’s ionosphere interacts with the tenuous magnetosphere above it. We asked the following: what leads to electric fields and electric currents flowing between these two regions? We concluded that one source of currents flowing between these regions is the localized heating of neutral gas by energetic particles precipitating from above (the magnetosphere).
Gurbax S. Lakhina and Bruce T. Tsurutani
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 24, 745–750, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-745-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-745-2017, 2017
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A preliminary estimate of the drag force per unit mass on typical low-Earth-orbiting satellites moving through the ionosphere during Carrington-type super magnetic storms is calculated by a simple first-order model which takes into account the ion-neutral drag between the upward-moving oxygen ions and O neutral atoms. It is shown that oxygen ions and atoms can be uplifted to 850 km altitude, where they produce about 40 times more satellite drag per unit mass than normal.
Odim Mendes, Margarete Oliveira Domingues, Ezequiel Echer, Rajkumar Hajra, and Varlei Everton Menconi
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 24, 407–417, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-407-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-407-2017, 2017
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The effects of the Sun upon the Earth's atmosphere occur in several ways. Significant electrodynamic coupling processes transfer particles and energy from the solar wind into the Earth's environment. Applied to the dynamical characteristics of high-intensity, long-duration, continuous auroral activity (HILDCAA) and non-HILDCAA events, nonlinear analysis tools like RQA aid to unravel peculiarities related to two concurrent space mechanisms known as magnetic reconnection and viscous interaction.
Martin Volwerk, Daniel Schmid, Bruce T. Tsurutani, Magda Delva, Ferdinand Plaschke, Yasuhito Narita, Tielong Zhang, and Karl-Heinz Glassmeier
Ann. Geophys., 34, 1099–1108, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-1099-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-1099-2016, 2016
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The behaviour of mirror mode waves in Venus's magnetosheath is investigated for solar minimum and maximum conditions. It is shown that the total observational rate of these waves does not change much; however, the distribution over the magnetosheath is significantly different, as well as the growth and decay of the waves during these different solar activity conditions.
Ingo Richter, Hans-Ulrich Auster, Gerhard Berghofer, Chris Carr, Emanuele Cupido, Karl-Heinz Fornaçon, Charlotte Goetz, Philip Heinisch, Christoph Koenders, Bernd Stoll, Bruce T. Tsurutani, Claire Vallat, Martin Volwerk, and Karl-Heinz Glassmeier
Ann. Geophys., 34, 609–622, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-609-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-609-2016, 2016
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We have analysed the magnetic field measurements performed on the ROSETTA orbiter and the lander PHILAE during PHILAE's descent to comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko on 12 November 2014. We observed a new type of low-frequency wave with amplitudes of ~ 3 nT, frequencies of 20–50 mHz, wavelengths of ~ 300 km, and propagation velocities of ~ 6 km s−1. The waves are generated in a ~ 100 km region around the comet a show a highly correlated behaviour, which could only be determined by two-point observations.
M. Volwerk, I. Richter, B. Tsurutani, C. Götz, K. Altwegg, T. Broiles, J. Burch, C. Carr, E. Cupido, M. Delva, M. Dósa, N. J. T. Edberg, A. Eriksson, P. Henri, C. Koenders, J.-P. Lebreton, K. E. Mandt, H. Nilsson, A. Opitz, M. Rubin, K. Schwingenschuh, G. Stenberg Wieser, K. Szegö, C. Vallat, X. Vallieres, and K.-H. Glassmeier
Ann. Geophys., 34, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-1-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-34-1-2016, 2016
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The solar wind magnetic field drapes around the active nucleus of comet 67P/CG, creating a magnetosphere. The solar wind density increases and with that the pressure, which compresses the magnetosphere, increasing the magnetic field strength near Rosetta. The higher solar wind density also creates more ionization through collisions with the gas from the comet. The new ions are picked-up by the magnetic field and generate mirror-mode waves, creating low-field high-density "bottles" near 67P/CG.
I. Richter, C. Koenders, H.-U. Auster, D. Frühauff, C. Götz, P. Heinisch, C. Perschke, U. Motschmann, B. Stoll, K. Altwegg, J. Burch, C. Carr, E. Cupido, A. Eriksson, P. Henri, R. Goldstein, J.-P. Lebreton, P. Mokashi, Z. Nemeth, H. Nilsson, M. Rubin, K. Szegö, B. T. Tsurutani, C. Vallat, M. Volwerk, and K.-H. Glassmeier
Ann. Geophys., 33, 1031–1036, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-1031-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-1031-2015, 2015
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We present a first report on magnetic field measurements made in the coma of comet 67P/C-G in its low-activity state. The plasma environment is dominated by quasi-coherent, large-amplitude, compressional magnetic field oscillations around 40mHz, differing from the observations at strongly active comets where waves at the cometary ion gyro-frequencies are the main feature. We propose a cross-field current instability associated with the newborn cometary ions as a possible source mechanism.
A. J. Mannucci, B. T. Tsurutani, O. Verkhoglyadova, A. Komjathy, and X. Pi
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 2789–2800, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2789-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2789-2015, 2015
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We have explored the use of COSMIC radio occultation data to provide valuable scientific information on how energetic particles arriving from the Earth’s magnetosphere affect the ionosphere. These precipitating particles significantly alter the Earth’s ionospheric electron density in the E region at altitudes near 120km. This affects the ionospheric conductivity and hence the global electrodynamics and structure of the upper atmosphere during geomagnetic storms caused by the solar wind.
B. T. Tsurutani, R. Hajra, E. Echer, and J. W. Gjerloev
Ann. Geophys., 33, 519–524, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-519-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-519-2015, 2015
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Particularly intense substorms (SSS), brilliant auroral displays with strong >106A currents in the ionosphere, are studied. It is believed that these SSS events cause power outages during magnetic storms. It is shown that SSS events can occur during all intensity magnetic storms; thus power problems are not necessarily restricted to the rare most intense storms. We show four SSS events that are triggered by solar wind pressure pulses. If this is typical, ~30-minute warnings could be issued.
P. Vergados, A. J. Mannucci, C. O. Ao, J. H. Jiang, and H. Su
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 8, 1789–1797, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1789-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1789-2015, 2015
B. T. Tsurutani, A. J. Mannuccci, O. P. Verkhoglyadova, and G. S. Lakhina
Ann. Geophys., 31, 145–150, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-145-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-31-145-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Nonlinear Waves, Pattern Formation, Turbulence | Topic: Solid earth, continental surface, biogeochemistry
Time difference of arrival estimation of microseismic signals based on alpha-stable distribution
Extracting real-crack properties from non-linear elastic behaviour of rocks: abundance of cracks with dominating normal compliance and rocks with negative Poisson ratios
Analysis of wave propagation in a discrete chain of bilinear oscillators
Continuum model of wave propagation in fragmented media: linear damping approximation
Effect of disorder on bulk sound wave speed: a multiscale spectral analysis
Generation and propagation of stick-slip waves over a fault with rate-independent friction
Slow strain waves in blocky geological media from GPS and seismological observations on the Amurian plate
Estimation of flow velocity for a debris flow via the two-phase fluid model
Rui-Sheng Jia, Yue Gong, Yan-Jun Peng, Hong-Mei Sun, Xing-Li Zhang, and Xin-Ming Lu
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 25, 375–386, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-25-375-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-25-375-2018, 2018
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The technique of microseismic source location is realized by calculating the time difference of arrival estimation of each mocroseismic signal. The time difference of arrival estimation directly affects the accuracy of microseismic source location. Microseismic signal with noises is proved to be closer to the α-stable distribution in this paper, and an improved time difference of arrival estimation approach microseismic signals is proposed.
Vladimir Y. Zaitsev, Andrey V. Radostin, Elena Pasternak, and Arcady Dyskin
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 24, 543–551, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-543-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-543-2017, 2017
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A new method of analysing pressure wave dependences is presented and tested against the published experimental data. Upon the results of examination of more than 90 rock samples, it was found that a significant portion of rocks (~ 45 %) exhibit negative Poisson ratios at lower pressures. Such a significant number of naturally auxetic rocks suggests that the occurrence of negative Poisson ratios is not as exotic as assumed previously.
Maria S. Kuznetsova, Elena Pasternak, and Arcady V. Dyskin
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 24, 455–460, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-455-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-455-2017, 2017
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The process of wave propagation in the discrete chain of bilinear oscillators subjected to several types of external harmonic excitation has been analysed. The phenomenon of sign inversion of the displacement is observed for tension–compression excitation. The solution for wave propagation in a continuous 1-D bimodular rod is developed and the numerical results are compared showing good agreement.
Maxim Khudyakov, Arcady V. Dyskin, and Elena Pasternak
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 24, 461–466, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-461-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-461-2017, 2017
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In order to assess energy loss during wave propagation in fragmented media, an impact model is proposed. The proposed model can be expressed by or used together with other linear damping models, which is important for the determination of mechanical characteristics of such media and mineral exploration.
Rohit Kumar Shrivastava and Stefan Luding
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 24, 435–454, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-435-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-435-2017, 2017
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The article aids the understanding of the propagation of vibration through complex media (e.g., soil). It presents various techniques to better interpret signals (recorded vibrations). The mathematical work done in the article can be utilized for various engineering applications such as oil or mineral exploration, designing materials for shock protection or energy-trapping. The conclusion of the article also mentions some of the ongoing as well as future work related to the research.
Iuliia Karachevtseva, Arcady V. Dyskin, and Elena Pasternak
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 24, 343–349, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-343-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-24-343-2017, 2017
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We concentrate on the stick-slip-like movement occurring under rate-independent friction due to the eigenoscillation of the fault faces and the associated wave propagation. Also, a simple mechanism of unusually high shear fracture or sliding zone propagation is considered. This is the P sonic propagation of sliding area over a fault based on the fact that the accumulation of elastic energy in the sliding plates can produce oscillations in the velocity of sliding (friction is constant).
Victor G. Bykov and Sergey V. Trofimenko
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 23, 467–475, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-23-467-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-23-467-2016, 2016
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We have obtained new evidence of the existence of strain waves in the Earth based on a statistical analysis of the dynamics of seismicity along the northern boundary of the Amurian plate and the data derived from in situ GPS experimental observations. Our results (the periodicity of the seismic components, spatial cycles of the seismicity maxima and migration rate of earthquakes) allow us to identify the dynamics of seismicity along the northern boundary of the Amurian plate as a wave process.
S. Guo, P. Xu, Z. Zheng, and Y. Gao
Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 22, 109–116, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-22-109-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-22-109-2015, 2015
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Short summary
In this work we developed a method to obtain a time series named as AE* which is well correlated with the geomagnetic AE index. In this process, wavelet filtering is applied to interplanetary solar wind data from spacecrafts around the L1 libration point. This geomagnetic indicator AE* can be obtained well before the AE index release in its final form, and it can be used to feed models for geomagnetic effects, such as the relativistic electrons, giving forecasts ~ 1 to 2 days in advance.
In this work we developed a method to obtain a time series named as AE* which is well correlated...
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