Theory of localized bipolar wave-structures and nonthermal particle distributions in the auroral ionosphere

Goldman, M. V.; Oppenheim, M. M.; Newman, D. L.

doi:10.5194/npg-6-221-1999

Articles | Volume 6, issue 3/4

https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-6-221-1999

© Author(s) 1999. This work is licensed under
the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 License.

Special issue:

Nonlinear Waves and Chaos

https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-6-221-1999

© Author(s) 1999. This work is licensed under
the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 License.

Articles | Volume 6, issue 3/4

31 Dec 1999

| 31 Dec 1999

Theory of localized bipolar wave-structures and nonthermal particle distributions in the auroral ionosphere

M. V. Goldman, M. M. Oppenheim, and D. L. Newman

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Total article views: 2,002 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

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Views and downloads (calculated since 01 Feb 2013)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
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May 2013	4	9	0	13
Jun 2013	5	7	0	12
Jul 2013	6	12	1	19
Aug 2013	10	5	0	15
Sep 2013	4	0	4
Oct 2013	5	10	0	15
Nov 2013	5	0	5
Dec 2013	2	7	0	9
Jan 2014	1	9	0	10
Feb 2014	5	8	1	14
Mar 2014	10	7	0	17
Apr 2014	2	6	0	8
May 2014	4	6	1	11
Jun 2014	5	9	2	16
Jul 2014	2	12	0	14
Aug 2014	7	10	1	18
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Oct 2014	4	7	0	11
Nov 2014	3	5	0	8
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Jan 2015	2	0	2
Feb 2015	2	2	0	4
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Apr 2015	11	0	11
May 2015	4	1	0	5
Jun 2015	23	1	0	24
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Apr 2016	9	5	0	14
May 2016	6	1	0	7
Jun 2016	6	0	6
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Feb 2018	8	7	2	17
Mar 2018	8	5	3	16
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Apr 2019	10	4	4	18
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Oct 2022	2	1	1	4
Nov 2022	6	9	2	17
Dec 2022	6	1	0	7
Jan 2023	9	6	1	16
Feb 2023	6	2	2	10
Mar 2023	12	9	0	21
Apr 2023	11	0	11
May 2023	6	8	0	14
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May 2024	9	9	2	20
Jun 2024	33	4	2	39
Jul 2024	12	6	0	18
Aug 2024	33	2	4	39
Sep 2024	7	6	2	15
Oct 2024	9	1	0	10
Nov 2024	3	4	2	9
Dec 2024	1	0	1
Jan 2025	9	4	0	13
Feb 2025	16	2	1	19
Mar 2025	12	6	2	20
Apr 2025	4	4	0	8
May 2025	10	6	1	17
Jun 2025	23	13	0	36
Jul 2025	15	12	0	27
Aug 2025	12	1	2	15
Sep 2025	22	7	1	30
Oct 2025	12	9	1	22
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Dec 2025	18	18	7	43
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Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 01 Feb 2013)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Feb 2013	2	7	2	11
Mar 2013	2	7	1	10
Apr 2013	3	5	0	8
May 2013	4	9	0	13
Jun 2013	5	7	0	12
Jul 2013	6	12	1	19
Aug 2013	10	5	0	15
Sep 2013	4	0	4
Oct 2013	5	10	0	15
Nov 2013	5	0	5
Dec 2013	2	7	0	9
Jan 2014	1	9	0	10
Feb 2014	5	8	1	14
Mar 2014	10	7	0	17
Apr 2014	2	6	0	8
May 2014	4	6	1	11
Jun 2014	5	9	2	16
Jul 2014	2	12	0	14
Aug 2014	7	10	1	18
Sep 2014	3	6	0	9
Oct 2014	4	7	0	11
Nov 2014	3	5	0	8
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Jan 2015	2	0	2
Feb 2015	2	2	0	4
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Apr 2015	11	0	11
May 2015	4	1	0	5
Jun 2015	23	1	0	24
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Oct 2015	12	0	12
Nov 2015	9	2	0	11
Dec 2015	2	2	0	4
Jan 2016	12	5	0	17
Feb 2016	7	1	0	8
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Apr 2016	9	5	0	14
May 2016	6	1	0	7
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Jul 2017	8	3	0	11
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Oct 2017	8	4	3	15
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May 2018	14	7	3	24
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Jul 2019	5	7	1	13
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Jan 2021	15	4	0	19
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Mar 2021	5	3	1	9
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Sep 2021	11	3	1	15
Oct 2021	4	22	1	27
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Jan 2022	6	1	1	8
Feb 2022	4	3	1	8
Mar 2022	5	3	0	8
Apr 2022	3	1	0	4
May 2022	4	2	1	7
Jun 2022	4	0	4
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Jan 2023	9	6	1	16
Feb 2023	6	2	2	10
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Apr 2023	11	0	11
May 2023	6	8	0	14
Jun 2023	2	16	1	19
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Jan 2024	1	2	0	3
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Mar 2024	2	3	0	5
Apr 2024	5	4	5	14
May 2024	9	9	2	20
Jun 2024	33	4	2	39
Jul 2024	12	6	0	18
Aug 2024	33	2	4	39
Sep 2024	7	6	2	15
Oct 2024	9	1	0	10
Nov 2024	3	4	2	9
Dec 2024	1	0	1
Jan 2025	9	4	0	13
Feb 2025	16	2	1	19
Mar 2025	12	6	2	20
Apr 2025	4	4	0	8
May 2025	10	6	1	17
Jun 2025	23	13	0	36
Jul 2025	15	12	0	27
Aug 2025	12	1	2	15
Sep 2025	22	7	1	30
Oct 2025	12	9	1	22
Nov 2025	13	14	2	29
Dec 2025	18	18	7	43
Jan 2026	3	2	0	5

Latest update: 09 Jan 2026